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The nimble, little biplane fighters developed by Nikolai Nikolayevich Polikarpov were, without doubt, the most prominent and successful Soviet biplane fighter designs produced during the inlerwar years.
Polikarpov was bom on 8 July 1892. He graduated from the Polytechnical Institute of Pctrograd as a mechanic and aero engineer during early 1916, and remained in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution of 7 November 1917. even declining an invitation from his former employer. Igor Sikorsky, to work in the United States. This loyalty was soon rewarded by the Communists and. in the early 1920s, he became the chief designer of Stale Aircraft Factory Number One.
During the 1930s. Polikarpov's fighter designs became ihe backbone of the Soviet Air Force. In the early Forties. Polikarpov. once called the "Fighter King." was surpassed by younger designers, such as Alexander Yakovlev. and lost much of his influence on new fight­er designs. A considerable number of skilled Polikarpov OKB engineers and workers fol­lowed Artyom Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich when they erected their own MiG Design Bureau in December of 1939. His last fighter projects, such as the 1-180. were not competi­tive, when compared with the fighters being designed by Yakovlev. MiG. or LaGG design bureaus. He was si ill respected by Stalin and. in 1940. he was awarded ihe "Hero of ihe Socialist Labor" medal, and in 1941 and 1943. he also won the State Prize. After 1943. Polikarpov worked with the Moscow Aviation Institute. Shortly after he died in Moscow of a heart attack on 30 July 1944. his design bureau was closed and the most of the remaining staff, as well the inventory, was transferred to the Lavochkin OKB. In memory of his efforts on behalf of the Soviet aviation, the biplane U-2 was renamed into Po-2.

Название: Polikarpov Fighters in Action (1) (Aircraft Number 157)
Автор: Hans-Heiri Stapfer
Publisher: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc.
Год издания: 1995
Страниц: 52 Pages
ISBN: 0897473434
Язык: English
Формат : PDF
Размер: 17.2 MB