Osprey - Fortress 21 - Crusades Castles in the Holy Land 1097-1192
The Crusaders that landed in the Middle East in the late-11th century brought with them their own traditions of military architecture, but it was not long before their defensive construction began to reflect a broad array of local influences. Most early Crusader structures were relatively small, and tended to increase the existing natural and defensive features of a site. The basic forms comprised freestanding towers, castra, and hilltop and spur-castles, but urban centres, religious sites and rural dwellings were also fortified. From the 1160s, bigger, stronger and more expensive castles began to appear, in response to developments in Islamic siege weaponry. This title examines the early fortifications erected by the Crusaders in modern-day Israel, the Palestinian territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and south-eastern Turkey.
Название: Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1097–1192
Автор: David Nicolle
Illustrator: Adam Hook
Издательство: Osprey
Год издания: 25 Jul 2004
Серия: FORTRESS
ISBN: 9781841767154
Страниц: 64 pages
Язык: english
Формат: pdf в rar
Размер: 52.1 Мб
Скачать бесплатно / free download
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